The Reinvention of New York
The Story

Six Chapters, Four Centuries

The short version of the exhibit — each chapter matched to its episode. The full, cited text lives in the document.

CHAPTER I

The Island at the World's Edge

Before it was New York — before it was New Amsterdam — the harbor was Lenapehoking, homeland of the Lenape. Verrazzano claimed it for France in 1524; Hudson sailed up the river for the Dutch in 1609; and in 1624 the first Walloon families landed on Governors Island.

CHAPTER II

The Purchase and the Beaver Crash

In 1626 Peter Minuit arranged the acquisition of Manhattan for goods worth 60 guilders — the sole near-contemporary record is the Schaghen letter. The '$24 in beads' story is an 1844 conversion. Meanwhile the wampum-fur economy trapped out the beavers within two decades.

CHAPTER III

The Bloodless Takeover

Four frigates under Colonel Nicolls sailed into the harbor in August 1664. Stuyvesant wanted to fight; the city did not. The Articles of Surrender were signed September 8 — no shot fired — and New Amsterdam became New York.

CHAPTER IV

The Dutch Street Map

The flag changed; the names didn't. Breukelen, Haarlem, the Bouwerij, Vlissingen, Staaten Eylandt — the Dutch map of the city survived in its street signs.

CHAPTER V

The 51st State

1969: Norman Mailer and Jimmy Breslin ran for Mayor and City Council President on a platform of city statehood — cars banned from Manhattan, a circumferential monorail, free bicycles, and one car-free 'Sweet Sunday' a month. Mailer took 41,288 votes: fourth of five.

CHAPTER VI

The City That Edited Its Birthday

Two local laws — 1975 for the flag, 1977 for the seal — changed the city's inscribed date from 1664 to 1625. A mayoral aide's memo: 'I find no basis for 1625 as the founding date.' The mayor signed anyway.

Watch Along

The Complete Film